ByDr. Brennan Commerford, D.C.·Last reviewed: July 2026
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Bitter Orange Extract (Synephrine): verification pending

We’re confirming the science for this compound before we publish a form ranking. Our team reviews every ranked page against peer-reviewed absorption data — this one is still under review, so we are not showing a score yet.

Check back soon. Rankings are reviewed by Dr. Brennan Commerford, D.C.

Safety note

Bitter orange (synephrine) is a stimulant that may raise blood pressure and heart rate, especially when combined with caffeine or in people with cardiovascular conditions. Talk to your physician before use, particularly if you have a heart condition or high blood pressure, or take stimulants or other medications.

References

  1. A 1978 human pharmacokinetic study found that orally ingested synephrine was completely absorbed from the gut, though only about 22% reached systemic circulation unchanged, with peak concentrations 1-2 hours after intake and a biological half-life of roughly 2 hours. PubMed

These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.